What distinguishes a central air conditioning system from a split system?

A central air conditioning system is characterized by its use of ductwork to distribute conditioned air throughout a building. This system typically includes an indoor unit, which houses the evaporator coil and air handler, and an outdoor unit, containing the compressor and condenser coil, all connected by ductwork. The ducts allow for the efficient distribution of cooled or heated air to multiple rooms or areas, making it an effective solution for large spaces.

In contrast, split systems, while they can also include some ductwork options, often consist of one or more indoor units that directly condition the air in individual spaces without necessarily using extensive ductwork. The primary distinction lies in how the air is distributed; central systems are designed specifically to use ducted air distribution.

The inefficiencies of some central systems, the varying number of components in split systems, and the presence of fans in both systems do not accurately capture the key differentiator that is based on air distribution methods. Thus, the correct answer highlights the fundamental design feature that sets central air conditioning apart from split systems.